State Disability Insurance

State disability insurance (SDI) is a payroll deduction in a few states that pays part of your wages if you cannot work because of illness, injury or pregnancy. Employees pay for it through withholding, and in some states employers share the cost.

California, Hawaii, New Jersey, New York and Rhode Island run these programs, and each sets its own rate and wage cap. On a stub it may show as SDI, CASDI, TDI or DBL.

A growing number of states also run paid family leave through payroll, sometimes in the same deduction. Those programs can show up even in states with no income tax. See whether state tax is taken out.